Oliveira de Azeméis

Camino Portugués · Camino Portugués de la Costa

Distrito de AveiroPortugal

Here Camino Portugués and Camino Portugués de la Costa converge. It is one of the points where the pilgrim shares the way with those arriving by another route.

Compound of two elements: oliveira 'olive tree' (from the Latin olivaria) + de Azeméis, a medieval personal name of probable Arabic root (az-zamîl 'the companion, the comrade'). The olive tree under whose canopy a lord named Azeméis used to gather.

The pattern oliveira de X is habitual in medieval Portuguese toponymy —⁠Oliveira do Hospital, Oliveira de Frades, Oliveira do Bairro⁠—⁠: the singular tree (the oliveira) served as a geographical reference, and the genitive assigned it to an owner, an institution or a location. Azeméis, as a personal name, is attested in 12th-century cartularies: probably a Mudéjar resettler or a Christian of Mozarabic origin. The Arabic az-zamîl 'the companion' was a relatively common given name in al-Andalus. The result is an inadvertent bilingual toponym: Romance tree + Arabic owner.

Evolution of the name

  1. olivaria + Azeméis late Latin + Arabic 10th — 12th century
  2. Oliveira de Azeméis Portuguese from the 13th century

Reflections, to the letter

The name binds two things the walker knows well: the olive tree and the one passing through. Local tradition holds that under these olives the azeméis — muleteer traders coming down from the Monastery of Arouca with their goods — would tether their pack animals; hence 'Oliveira de Azeméis', the olive grove of the muleteers. Eight centuries on the town is Portugal's footwear capital, yet the walker crossing its centre repeats, on foot, the gesture that named the place: passing beneath the tree with a load on the shoulder.

Languages of origin

Origin status

probable

Glossary

Anthroponym
A personal name, often used as the base of toponyms (Lucronius → Logroño, Sigerici → Castrojeriz).

Sources

  • Machado, J.P. — Dicionário Onomástico Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa
  • Corriente, F. — Diccionario de arabismos

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Camino Portugués

  1. ··· toward Santiago
  2. Vairão
  3. Vilarinho
  4. Porto
  5. Vila Nova de Gaia
  6. Grijó
  7. São João da Madeira
  8. Oliveira de Azeméis
  9. Albergaria-a-Velha
  10. Águeda
  11. Anadia
  12. Mealhada
  13. Coímbra
  14. Condeixa-a-Nova
  15. ··· toward the start