Saxamonde

Camino Portugués

PontevedraGalicia

Toponym of disputed origin. The two competing readings are a Latin-Germanic one —⁠composed of the Gothic anthroponym Saxa ('Saxon') + munda ('protector, guardian'), a medieval personal name attested in Leonese charters⁠— and a toponymic one that appeals to Latin saxum ('rock') + mons ('mount'). Without firm documentation to decide between them.

The anthroponymic reading proposes a Germanic personal name with two meaningful elements, Saxa-munda, composed of saxa (which in medieval Germanic designated indistinctly the Saxon people or, by extension, someone 'noble, free') + munda ('who protects, guardian'). Names of the pattern X + munda are well documented in peninsular Gothic and Suevic onomastics: Edemunda, Geremunda, Frumunda, Saxamunda. The toponymic reading derives the name from the Latin descriptive compound saxum + mons, 'mount of rocks', a description of the steep hill on which the freguesia sits. Both are phonetically possible; the medieval charters of the Oia monastery, where the toponym appears, do not permit deciding. The hamlet belongs to the Redondela council and sits between the Maitén pass and the Vigo estuary. The pilgrim crosses it after O Porriño, on the final climb toward Redondela.

Evolution of the name

  1. Saxamunda / saxum + mons Latinized Gothic / Latin 6th — 10th centuries
  2. Saxamonde medieval Galician from the 12th century

Reflections, to the letter

Either a Gothic lord or a mountain of rocks, depending on which reading one prefers. Saxa-munda in the anthroponymic reading was a medieval Germanic name, 'Saxon protector'; saxum + mons in the toponymic reading describes the steep hill of the Redondela council where the hamlet sits. Galician onomastics has not reached agreement. The pilgrim climbing from O Porriño toward the Vigo estuary crosses Saxamonde without knowing which reading to adhere to.

Languages of origin

Themes

Origin status

disputed

Glossary

Anthroponym
A personal name, often used as the base of toponyms (Lucronius → Logroño, Sigerici → Castrojeriz, Sacavus → Sacavém).
Attested
A form or word documented in writing in historical sources; opposed to "reconstructed" (forms proposed by comparative inference but not actually documented).
Onomastics
The linguistic discipline that studies proper names — of persons, places and institutions. "Onomastic readings" are competing etymological hypotheses about a name.

Sources

  • Navaza, G. — Toponimia de Galicia

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Camino Portugués

  1. ··· toward Santiago
  2. Padrón
  3. Caldas de Reis
  4. San Amaro
  5. Pontevedra
  6. Arcade
  7. Redondela
  8. Saxamonde
  9. O Porriño
  10. Mos
  11. Tui
  12. Valença
  13. São Pedro da Torre
  14. Rubiães
  15. ··· toward the start