Santa Cruz de la Serós

Camino Aragonés · Camino Catalán por San Juan de la Peña

HuescaAragón

Here Camino Aragonés and Camino Catalán por San Juan de la Peña converge. It is one of the points where the pilgrim shares the way with those arriving by another route.

Three-member compound. Santa Cruz is a Christian invocation (Latin Sancta Crux); de la Serós derives from the Latin sororum ('of the sisters'), genitive plural of soror ('sister'). The popular Aragonese form Serós collectively names the nuns of the old Benedictine female monastery of the place, whose 11th-century Romanesque church of Santa María gave name to the whole complex.

Soror is the Latin term for 'sister' in kinship sense; Christian Latin assumed it as the denomination of religious women in female monastic life, parallel to frater ('brother') for males. The genitive plural sororum, applied to a community, yields in medieval Aragonese serors and through dialectal palatalisation serós. The monastery of Santa Cruz de la Serós was founded in the 10th century and refounded in the mid-11th by the daughters and nieces of the Aragonese kings: Sancha, daughter of Ramiro I, was its first abbess; her niece Doña Urraca and her niece Doña Teresa succeeded her. The community came to reach fifty nuns at its 12th-century peak and maintained the Benedictine rule until its eviction in 1555, when the monastery was transferred to Jaca by order of Philip II. After the eviction, the religious complex was ruined except for the church, recovered in successive restorations from the 19th century.

Evolution of the name

  1. sororum Latin 1st centuries BC–9th
  2. Sorores / Serors medieval Latin 10th–11th centuries
  3. Santa Crux de las Serós medieval Aragonese from the 12th century

Reflections, to the letter

The name keeps the sorores, the sisters: Benedictine nuns who held a female monastery founded here in the 10th century. That community is still legible in the stone itself. Above the nave vault of Santa Maria rises the camara, an octagonal body fused to the tower that housed the small community, a chamber without parallel in Aragonese Romanesque. Beneath that cube lived the serors who named the valley, among them Countess Sancha, daughter of Ramiro I.

Languages of origin

Origin status

confirmed

Glossary

Attested
A form or word documented in writing in historical sources; opposed to "reconstructed" (forms proposed by comparative inference but not actually documented).
Christogram
Christological monogram formed by the Greek letters chi (X) and rho (P), initials of Khristós ('Christ, anointed one'), sometimes accompanied by the letters alpha and omega (beginning and end). In 11th-century Aragonese Romanesque it was carved monumentally on the tympana of doorways, surrounded by lions, angels and vegetal elements. That of the cathedral of Jaca, around 1063, is the first monumental Christogram of peninsular Romanesque.
Palatalisation
A phonetic shift in which a sound is articulated against the palate. In Castilian: Latin nn → ñ (annus → año); preserved initial pl- (planus → plano) versus Asturleonese palatalisation to ll- (Llanes).
Paleo-Christian
Of the earliest Christianity, before the 6th century; applied to early churches, martyrs and liturgical practices.
Squinch
Architectural transition element that allows the seating of a dome or octagonal lantern on a square plan. It resolves the four corners of the square through small fan vaults that convert the quadrangular plan into octagonal. The squinch appears in Aragonese and Catalan Romanesque from the 11th century; the cathedral of Jaca and the church of Santa María of Santa Cruz de la Serós are the two first Hispanic examples.

Sources

  • Borrás Gualis, G.M. — Arte aragonés medieval
  • Buesa Conde, D. — Santa Cruz de la Serós

If you have a correction or an observation about this information,
please write to us through the form at the foot of the site.
We will grow more precise thanks to your contribution.

Camino Aragonés

  1. ··· toward Santiago
  2. Sangüesa
  3. Artieda
  4. Undués de Lerda
  5. Ruesta
  6. Arrés
  7. Berdún
  8. Santa Cruz de la Serós
  9. Santa Cilia de Jaca
  10. Atarés
  11. Jaca
  12. Aratorés
  13. Castiello de Jaca
  14. Villanúa
  15. ··· toward the start